|
 This whitefly originates
in southeastern Asia and was introduced into North America around 2007. Later it reached Brazil in South America
also. It attacks several species in
the plant genus Ficus and Rhododendron. Feeding damage results in the
yellowing of leaves, defoliation and branch dieback. High populations stunt the growth of young
trees. Development is rapid resulting
in arge adults. Large numbers adult Ficus whiteflies flying about in urban
arease are a great nuisance.
Adult whiteflies are quite small at
1.5-1.6 mm. Their wings are white
with gray markings. The eyes are dark
red. Any disturbance stimulates
flight. The nymphs are light green
and translucent with oval bodies that can blend easily with their
surroundings. The pupae have red
eyes. Differing from other whiteflies
the immatures may occur on both lower and upper surfaces of leaves. The eggs are yellow or tan and
elongated. Eggs are laid primarily
along the middle vein of the leaf undersurface.
REFERENCES:
Avery, Pasco B., Catharine M. Mannion, Charles A. Powell, Cindy L. McKenzie & Lance S. Osborne.
2011. Natural Enemies Managing the Invasion of the Fig
Whitefly, Singhiella simplex,
(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Infesting a Ficus benjamina Hedge. Florida Entomologist Vol.
94 (3): 696-698.
Gill, R. & Holder, P. 2011.
A new species of Bemisia
(Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae) from New Zealand.
Zootaxa 2794: 63-68.
Legaspi, Jesusa Crisostomo, Catharine Mannion, Divina Amalin & C. Legaspi Benjamin. 2011.
Life Table Analysis and
Development of Singhiella simplex
(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Under Different Constant Temperatures. Annals of the
Entomological Society of America Vol. 104 (3): 451-458.
Martin, J. H. 2011.
Description of a new genus and species of whitefly from Lafoensia pacari in Brazil (Hemiptera,
Aleyrodidae, Aleurodicinae). Zootaxa 2790: 54-60.
Martin, Jon A. &
Laurence A. Mound. 2007. An
annotated check list of the world's whiteflies (Insecta: Hemiptera:
Aleyrodidae). Zootaxa. 1492: 1–84.
FURTHER RELATED REFERENCES:
Chiappini,
E., S. V. Triapitzin & A. Donev.
1996. Key to the Holarctic
species of Anagrus Haliday
(Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearctic and Palaearctic (other
than European) species and descriptions of new taxa. Journal of Natural History 30: 551-595.
Triapitzin,
S. V. 1995a. The identities of Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) egg
parasitoid of the grape and blackberry leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
in California. Pan-Pacific Entomol.
71 (4): 250-251.
Triapitzin,
S. V. 1995b. A review of the Australian species of Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Russian Entomological Journal 4
(1-4): 105-108.
Triapitzin, S.
V. 1997. The genus Anagrus
(Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in America south of the United States: a
review. Ceiba (Zamorano,
Honduras) 38 (1): 1-12.
Triapitzin,
S. V. 1998. Anagrus
(Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) egg parasitoids of Erythroneura
spp. and other leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in North American
vineyards and orchards: a taxonomic review.
Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 124 (2): 77-112.
Triapitzin, S. V. & D. Strong.
1995. A new Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg
parasitoid of Prokelisia spp. (Homoptera:
Delphacidae). Pan-Pacific Entomol. 71 (4): 199-203.
Triapitzin, S. V., R. F. Mizell,
J. L. Bossart & C. E. Carlton.
1998. Egg
parasitoids of Homalodisca coagulata
(Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Florida Entomologist 81
(2): 241-243.
Walker, G. P., N. Zareh, I. M. Bayoun & S. V. Triapitzin. 1997.
Introduction of western Asian egg parasitoids into California for
biological control of beet leafhopper, Circulifer
tenellus. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 73 (4): 236-242.
|